{"id":934,"date":"2023-07-20T14:35:02","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T06:35:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/?p=934"},"modified":"2023-07-23T17:25:43","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T09:25:43","slug":"hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination\/","title":{"rendered":"Hoping for Plants in Industrial Ruination | FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u3010<\/strong>by<\/em> FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly, June 2023\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matsuki Village was demolished in 1902 and became a deserted land due to damage caused by the sulfurous acid gases emitted from the refining process of sulfurous copper ores in Ashio.[1]<\/a> The smoke-related damage is extensive in Ashio. As the toxic smoke killed trees, there were no longer any roots to hold the topsoil, leaving it to be washed away by rain.[2]<\/a> Mountains in Ashio turned barren with their bedrock exposed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despite the return of greenery over the past 120 years, recovering the forested areas has been an ongoing challenge due to deteriorated soil and other factors such as deer overpopulation and climate change. The Matsuki tailing dam of black copper slag built in 1912 in the old Matsuki Village[3]<\/a> also shows no signs of planned abolishment. A \u201ccomplete\u201d regeneration of the entire field is deemed unattainable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forest People Project (\u68ee\u3073\u3068\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8), a voluntary organization tackling climate change through reforestation, started a reforestation project in the old Matsuki Village in 2004. \u201cIf you are going to make forests, do it in the most difficult places.\u201d Members of the Forest People Project were told by their advisor, Akira Miyawaki, a vegetation ecologist. These words led them to the old Matsuki Village and other difficult sites, including other abandoned mines and ruins of the 3.11 tsunami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How to hope in the ongoing aftermath of industrial pollution if neither an instant exit nor a finishing line is available? In this essay, I argue that hope is not an absence of toxins or a complete environmental recovery that reverses the arrow of time as if copper mining and refinery had never happened in Ashio. By discussing my fieldwork conducted with Forest People Project, I discuss how volunteers locate and plant hope amid damaged mountains and ruined lands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Figuring Hope in Plants<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Entering the old Matsuki Village, there is a sea of pasture. I first mistook weeping love grass (\u30b7\u30ca\u30c0\u30ec\u30b9\u30ba\u30e1\u30ac\u30e4) for Japanese pampas grass (\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad). Both are species commonly found in Ashio because they were pioneer species used for rapid greening[4]<\/a> and spread monstrously, sometimes hindering the growth of trees and, thus, reforestation. I was told that the presence of pampas grass would be a better sign for recovery than the weeping lovegrass, a kind of \u201cforeign pasture species (\u5916\u6765\u7267\u8349).\u201d While pampas grass was also planted artificially as the pasture species were, it outgrew pasture in places with generally more favorable soil conditions. According to a former Forestry Agency official, \u201cPampas grass grew at places where acidic soil was improved, where pasture once grew and died.\u201d The presence of pampas grass implies a more favorable soil condition for the growth of other plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The old Matsuki Village with the tailing dam of copper slag in the background. (April 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I was surprised that pampas grass might be read in a hopeful light as it was often viewed as a hindrance to reforestation. Much of my time spent in reforestation volunteering for another organization was digging up and throwing away the hardy roots of pampas grass so that young trees would not die from insufficient nutrients. The roots, sometimes with shades of red like blood veins, grew so extensively over the field and tangled with retaining walls that often, I lacked the strength and skill to shovel the main root system. The twisting roots were closer to the \u201cmonster\u201d figure than an indicator of soil improvement.[5]<\/a> On the other hand, to my knowledge, the volunteer organizations of reforestation in Ashio would not grow pampas grass as their goal is not rapid greening but forest making, though judgment towards the history of the prevailing use of pampas grass in greening would be another debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sea of pasture is rendered as evidence of the necessity of human involvement: \u201cGrassland remains as grassland if left uncared.\u201d As Eben Kirksey, Nicholas Shapiro, and Maria Brodine argued, blasted toxic landscapes can also provide new figures of hope.[6]<\/a> And just as pampas grass can be both evidence of improved soil and obstruction, reading into the presence of living things is a way to figure hope in living things and generate action: the footsteps and feces of bears, rabbits, monkeys, and deer can be, at the same time, a hopeful sign of the return of living things and a worrying alert that young trees might be eaten before growing strong enough to withstand the bites from wild animals, thus requiring a change of fencing strategies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Deer fur found on the ground in the reforestation area (April 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Planting Hope<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regarding tree species to be planted in the old Matsuki Village, the Forest People Project draws on the field research conducted by Akira Miyawaki, a vegetation ecologist who developed forest regeneration methods through the theory of potential natural vegetation. The ecological engineering based on potential natural vegetation does not follow the classical succession theory of vegetation transforming from herb community to the climax community by Frederic Clements. Instead, it aims to speed up the vegetation succession to a \u201cquasi-natural forest\u201d within several decades by planting plant species that would exist if not disturbed by human activities and are in equilibrium with climate at a given location.[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

One of the forests the Forest People Project manages (April 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A mixture of several species of deciduous broadleaved trees, such as konara oak (\u30b3\u30ca\u30e9), mizunara oak (\u30df\u30ba\u30ca\u30e9), Japanese horse-chestnut (\u30c8\u30c1\u30ce\u30ad), katsura (\u30ab\u30c4\u30e9), and Japanese maple (\u30e4\u30de\u30e2\u30df\u30b8, \u30a4\u30ed\u30cf\u30e2\u30df\u30b8), was identified as the potential natural vegetation species and was densely planted in designated reforestation areas.[8]<\/a> In autumn, the blend of yellow and red contrasted sharply with the surrounding brownish Alnus firma <\/em>(\u30e4\u30b7\u30e3\u30d6\u30b7). Their seeds were spread by helicopters in the 1960s as pioneer reforestation species selected by the administration[9]<\/a> due to their ability of nitrogen fixation. The contrast of color reflects the distinction between single-species reforestation and diverse forest community. I was reminded of \u201cthe different kinds of green\u201d and that the simple return of green may not always be a sign of regeneration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the middle was the forest in the last photo with yellow and red maple leaves during autumn (November 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moving on from the theory of potential natural vegetation, the group started a new experiment with the remaining land they had permission to grow trees. Dividing the land into areas according to the soil condition, they selected the species accordingly for observation. They planned to record the vegetation succession to generate new insights for reforestation projects in other degraded lands. If potential natural vegetation is a theory of \u201cwhat might have been,\u201d this recent attempt would be to observe \u201cwhat is yet possible to be.\u201d Both are ways of finding hope for a livable future by experimenting with what remains possible in the polluted present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The newly designated areas for reforestation were named \u201cRinne Forest (\u308a\u3093\u306d\u306e\u68ee),\u201d or \u201cthe forest of reincarnation (\u308a\u3093\u306d is the hiragana for the kanji \u8f2a\u5efb),\u201d \u201cin the hope that people will be able to sense the reincarnation of all living things in a land that has only grass and no trees for more than half a decade.\u201d[10]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoping for a Japanese Beech<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2013, some mountain hikers informed members of a stand-alone tree, species unconfirmed, on the top of Mt. Nakakura. The stand-alone tree on the top of Mt. Nakakura was later identified as a 120-year-old Japanese beech. Mt. Nakakra was one of the mountains severely affected by smoke pollution. One mountainside had barely any vegetation due to sulfurous acid emissions. While the other side is vegetated, many of the trees are not native species under the potential natural vegetation theory but Japanese clethra (\u30ea\u30e7\u30a6\u30d6), a species with high heavy-metal tolerance that was selected as the pioneer reforestation species like Alnus firma<\/em>.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Japanese beech implies that there was probably a forest of beech where many of them died due to the acidic fumes. As beech usually grows in humid forests with large water retention capacities, the \u201cLone Japanese Beech\u201d (\u5b64\u9ad8\u306e\u30d6\u30ca) living through the unfavorable conditions of Mt Nakakura is then a survival tree, a \u201csilent story-telling tree\u201d (\u7121\u8a00\u306e\u8a9e\u308a\u6728), and a \u201cliving witness\u201d (\u751f\u304d\u8a3c\u4eba) of the history of smoke pollution and the demolishment of Matsuki Village.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mt. Nakakura and the Lone Japanese Beech (April 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although the beech survived the smoke pollution, the severe soil erosion on that side of the mountain caused its roots to be exposed to bare ground. In addition, without the protection of other trees, the lone beech is also prone to wind scorch and sunscald. Forest People Project then started a conservation project for the Japanese Beech on Mt. Nakakura in 2017 called \u201cPay it forward: Cheering up the Japanese Beech on Mt. Nakakura, Ashio (\u8db3\u5c3e\u30fb\u4e2d\u5009\u5c71\u306e\u30d6\u30ca\u3092\u5143\u6c17\u306b\u3059\u308b\u6069\u9001\u308a).\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forest People Project organizes volunteers to carry black soil to the mountaintop twice yearly. Volunteers fill the vegetation bags (\u690d\u751f\u888b) with black soil and pin the bags around the exposed roots, hoping grass would grow and slow down the sediment outflow. Notably, vegetation blocks and bags were adopted for greening in Ashio in 1952 and 1964, respectively,[12]<\/a> so workers and women from the community could shoulder them and place them on steep, rocky, exposed areas without a rich layer of topsoil.[13]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Grass budding from vegetation bags (November 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt might be that our feelings and cheerings have been heard.\u201d In autumn 2022, the beech had a good harvest year and provided us with many of its seeds. Out of hundreds of picked seeds, a few young beeches budded, some were planted in the reforestation area in the old Matsuki Village, and one was to be planted on Mt. Nakakura in April 2023. Volunteers carried the young beech, animal-repellent net, iron pillars, and wires to the mountaintop. The net was set up with rocks and fallen barks to protect the young tree from being eaten by deer and give it the space and time it needed to grow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The young beech planted on Mt. Nakakura was named \u201cThe Hope of Japanese Beech (\u5e0c\u671b\u306e\u30d6\u30ca).\u201d When I asked what \u201chope\u201d meant, I was told that \u201cthe lone beech does not have its own child, so to plant its child carrying its DNA is hope.\u201d As the life of the lone beech may end any day, they wished its child could \u201ccarry hope forward.\u201d This hope is not that of environmental regeneration (though desirable) but of witnessing and telling history forward. From this point of view, hope is not confined to the potential and the possible environmental regeneration. Caring for the witness of pollution is also hope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Hope of Japanese Beech inside the animal repellent net (April 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hope in the present<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In pursuing an alternative discourse against damaged-based research, which renders lives and landscapes pathological, Michelle Murphy proposed the concept of \u201calterlife\u201d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cAlterlife embraces impure and damaged forms of life, pessimistically acknowledging ongoing violence, living within and against the worlds technoscience helped make. Alterlife is resurgent life, which asserts and continues nonetheless. [\u2026] Alterlife acknowledges that one cannot simply get out, that this hurtful and deadly entanglement forms part of contemporary existence in this moment, in the ongoing aftermath. And yet the openness to alteration may also describe the potential to become something else, to defend and persist, to recompose relations to water and land, to become alter-wise in the aftermath.\u201d[14]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

So, once again, how to hope when the aftermath of industrial pollution is irreparable? As demonstrated by the Forest People Project’s reforestation efforts in the old Matsuki Village, hope can be located in the present amid the damaged mountains and lands. Forest People Project transforms patches of industrial ruin into forests as a way to put a brake on climate change. The human-plant interactions de\/recompose the abandoned land into hopes: hope as environmental regeneration and hope as witnessing. By hoping for the Japanese beech, hope is in the present, right in the center of an ongoing aftermath of industrial pollution. Hope is now. The Japanese beech and the newly planted young trees are right here in the damaged landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cPlants cannot move; they stay where they are when we plant them. So, please make sure we plant properly.\u201d I was often reminded that trees would not walk, and they give all they have to live on the spot. Sometimes animals disperse the seeds, and sometimes they bite off the budding tree. We do all we can to work with the other species, then we hope (\u7948\u308a) and try again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

AUTHOR<\/strong>
FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly, PhD Student of Anthropology, Hitotsubashi University, Japan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

NOTES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Nobiko Ijima, Mining Pollution in the Ashio Copper Mine Area<\/em> (\u8db3\u5c3e\u9285\u5c71\u5c71\u5143\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9271\u5bb3), United Nations University Press, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> Kichiro Shoji and Masuro Sugai, \u201cThe Ashio Copper Mine Pollution Case: The Origins of Environmental Destruction,\u201d in Industrial Pollution in Japan<\/em>, edited by Jun Ui, United Nations University Press, 1992, pp. 18\u201363.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Kichiro Shoji and Masuro Sugai, A Concise History of the Ashio Mine Poisoning Incident, 1877-1984<\/em> [New Edition] <\/em>(\u3010\u65b0\u7248\u3011\u901a\u53f2\u30fb\u8db3\u5c3e\u9271\u6bd2\u4e8b\u4ef61877\uff5e1984), Seori-shobo, 2014, p.231.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> For instance, the species were used in vegetation blocks (\u690d\u751f\u76e4), which was invented in 1951 and adopted in 1952. They were also used in aerial seeding that started in 1965. See Masao Harasawa, \u201cGreening of Barren Mountains in Ashio\u201d (\u8db3\u5c3e\u8352\u5ec3\u5c71\u5730\u306e\u7dd1\u5316), Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering<\/em> 51, no. 5 (1999), p. 75. See also Katsuaki Takanashi and Tomoo Oshima, \u201cThe Reviving Forests of Devastated Land in Ashio Forest Conservation Projects in Ashio\u201c (\u8db3\u5c3e\u8352\u5ec3\u5730\u306e\u7dd1\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\uff1a\u8db3\u5c3e\u6cbb\u5c71\u4e8b\u696d), Water Science<\/em> 59, no. 1 (2015): p. 139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Anna Tsing, Heather Swanson, Elaine Gan and Nils Bubandt, edited, Arts of Living on a Damaged Planet: Ghosts and Monsters of the Anthropocene<\/em>, University of Minnesota Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Eben Kirksey, Nicolars Shapiro and Maria Brodine, \u201cHope in Blasted Landscapes,\u201d in The Multispecies Salon<\/em>, edited by Eden Kirksey, Duke University Press, 2014, pp. 29\u201363.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> Akira Miyawaki, Planting 300,000 Trees: Making a Forest of Life<\/em> (\u82d7\u6728\u4e09\u3007\u3007\u3007\u4e07\u672c: \u3044\u306e\u3061\u306e\u68ee\u3092\u751f\u3080), Japan Broadcast Publishing, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> Committee of Forest People Project, Five-Year Reforestation Report <\/em>(5\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u68ee\u3065\u304f\u308a\u5831\u544a), Forest People Project, 2010. See also Committee of Forest People Project, Ashio-Usuzawa Forest Observation Report<\/em> (\u8db3\u5c3e\u30fb\u81fc\u6ca2\u306e\u68ee\u89b3\u5bdf\u5831\u544a\u66f8), Forest People Project. 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> Takanashi and Oshima (2015), p. 139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> \u201cFor the First Time in Four Years, Tree-Planting Was Held in the Rinne<\/em> Forest\u201d (4\u5e74\u632f\u308a\u306e\u690d\u6a39\u3092\u300c\u308a\u3093\u306d\u306e\u68ee\u300d\u3067\u958b\u50ac\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f), Forest People Project, October 1, 2022, http:\/\/blog.moribito.info\/2022\/10\/post-34d9.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/a> Takanashi and Oshima (2015), p. 139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/a> Takanashi and Oshima (2015), pp. 135\u2013139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/a> Local Vitalization Cooperator in Ashio, Nikko, edited, Excuse Me, Can You Tell Me about Ashio? Part Two<\/em> (\u3054\u3081\u3093\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3001\u8db3\u5c3e\u306e\u3053\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff01\u305d\u306e2), Nikko Shiyakusho Ashio Sogoshisho, 2016, pp. 5\u201328.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/a> Michelle Murphy, \u201cAlterlife and Decolonial Chemical Relations,\u201d Cultural Anthropology<\/em>, 32 no.4 (2017), p. 500.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Committee of Forest People Project. Five-Year Reforestation Report<\/em> (5\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u68ee\u3065\u304f\u308a\u5831\u544a). Forest People Project, 2010.
\u2014\u2014Ashio-Usuzawa Forest Observation Report<\/em> (\u8db3\u5c3e\u30fb\u81fc\u6ca2\u306e\u68ee\u89b3\u5bdf\u5831\u544a\u66f8). Forest People Project, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forest People Project. \u201cFor the First Time in Four Years, Tree-Planting Was Held in the Rinne<\/em> Forest\u201d (4\u5e74\u632f\u308a\u306e\u690d\u6a39\u3092\u300c\u308a\u3093\u306d\u306e\u68ee\u300d\u3067\u958b\u50ac\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f). October 1, 2022. http:\/\/blog.moribito.info\/2022\/10\/post-34d9.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harasawa, Masao. \u201cGreening of Barren Mountains in Ashio\u201d (\u8db3\u5c3e\u8352\u5ec3\u5c71\u5730\u306e\u7dd1\u5316). Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering<\/em> 51, no. 5 (1999), pp. 72\u201377.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ijima, Nobiko. Mining Pollution in the Ashio Copper Mine Area<\/em> (\u8db3\u5c3e\u9285\u5c71\u5c71\u5143\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9271\u5bb3). United Nations University, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kirksey, Eben, Nicolars Shapiro and Maria Brodine. \u201cHope in Blasted Landscapes.\u201d In The Multispecies Salon<\/em>, edited by Eden Kirksey, pp. 29\u201363. Duke University Press, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Local Vitalization Cooperator in Ashio, Nikko, edited. Excuse Me, Can You Tell Me about Ashio? Part Two<\/em> (\u3054\u3081\u3093\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3001\u8db3\u5c3e\u306e\u3053\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff01\u305d\u306e2). Nikko Shiyakusho Ashio Sogoshisho, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miyawaki, Akira. Planting 300,000 Trees: Making a Forest of Life<\/em> (\u82d7\u6728\u4e09\u3007\u3007\u3007\u4e07\u672c: \u3044\u306e\u3061\u306e\u68ee\u3092\u751f\u3080). Japan Broadcast Publishing, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murphy, Michelle. \u201cAlterlife and Decolonial Chemical Relations.\u201d Cultural Anthropology<\/em>, 32 no.4 (2017), p. 494\u2013503.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shoji, Kichiro and Masuro Sugai. \u201cThe Ashio Copper Mine Pollution Case: The Origins of Environmental Destruction.\u201d In Industrial Pollution in Japan<\/em>, edited by Jun Ui, pp. 18\u201363. United Nations University Press, 1992.
\u2014\u2014. A Concise History of the Ashio Mine Poisoning Incident, 1877-1984 [New Edition]<\/em> (\u3010\u65b0\u7248\u3011\u901a\u53f2\u30fb\u8db3\u5c3e\u9271\u6bd2\u4e8b\u4ef61877\uff5e1984). Seori-shobo, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Takanashi, Katsuaki and Tomoo Oshima. \u201cThe Reviving Forests of Devastated Land in Ashio Forest Conservation Projects in Ashio\u201d (\u8db3\u5c3e\u8352\u5ec3\u5730\u306e\u7dd1\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\uff1a\u8db3\u5c3e\u6cbb\u5c71\u4e8b\u696d). Water Science<\/em> 59, no. 1 (2015): pp. 126\u201344.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tsing, Anna, Heather Swanson, Elaine Gan and Nils Bubandt, edited. Arts of Living on a Damaged Planet: Ghosts and Monsters of the Anthropocene<\/em>. University of Minnesota Press, 2017.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u3010by FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly, June 2023\u3011 Matsuki Village was demolished in 1902 and became a deserted land due to damage caused by the sulfurous acid gases emitted from the refining process of sulfurous …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1013,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHoping for Plants in Industrial Ruination | FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly - Critical Asia Archives<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_TW\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hoping for Plants in Industrial Ruination | FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly - Critical Asia Archives\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u3010by FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly, June 2023\u3011 Matsuki Village was demolished in 1902 and became a deserted land due to damage caused by the sulfurous acid gases emitted from the refining process of sulfurous …\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Critical Asia Archives\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-20T06:35:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-23T09:25:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/featured-1120712_1000x625.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"625\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Critical Asia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Critical Asia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9810\u4f30\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u9593\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 \u5206\u9418\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/caarchives.org\/hoping-for-plants-in-industrial-ruination\/\",\"name\":\"Hoping for Plants in Industrial Ruination | FUNG Wan Yin Kimberly - 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